what town does th arkansas river flow in to the mississippi
| Arkansas River | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Origin | East Fork Arkansas River, Colorado |
| Oral fissure | Arkansas |
| Bowl countries | U.s.a. |
| Length | 1,469 miles (two,364 km) |
| Source tiptop | 10,152 feet (3094 m) |
| Avg. discharge | 41,000 ft³/s (1155 g³/s) [ane] |
| Basin expanse | 161,000 sq mi (416,988 sq km) |
The Arkansas River is a major tributary of the Mississippi River. The Arkansas generally flows to the east and southeast and traverses the United states states of Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Arkansas. At i,469 miles (two,364 km), the Arkansas is the sixth longest river in the U.s., the second-longest tributary in the Mississippi-Missouri organization, and the 45th longest river in the world.
The river's origin is in the Rocky Mountains in Lake Canton, Colorado, near the town of Leadville. It enters the Mississippi at Napoleon, Arkansas 40 miles (64 km) northeast of Arkansas Urban center, Arkansas. Principal cities along its route are Pueblo, Colorado; Wichita, Kansas; Tulsa, Oklahoma; and Fort Smith and Little Stone, Arkansas.
The Arkansas River drainage bowl covers 161,000 square miles (417,000 square km), and has a total autumn of 11,400 feet (3,500 grand). In volume, the river is smaller than both the Missouri and Ohio Rivers, with an average discharge of at its oral cavity of 41,000 ft³/s (1155 m³/s).
Historically, the Arkansas River has played an of import office in w expansion. Native Americans hunted forth its length, early explorers followed it westward, and from 1820 to 1846, information technology served as the boundary between the United States and United mexican states. Information technology continues to play an important role in the central states, feeding that region's important farmlands.
Hydrography
The headwaters of the Arkansas nigh Leadville, Colorado
Arkansas River, looking beyond to N Little Rock, Arkansas
The Arkansas River has three distinct sections in its long path through the key The states.
At its headwaters in the Sawatch Range of the Rocky Mountains near the town of Leadville Colorado, the Arkansas runs as a steep mountain torrent through the Rockies in its narrow valley, dropping four,600 anxiety (ane.4 km) in 120 miles (193 km). This section (including The Numbers, Chocolate-brown's Canyon, and the Purple Gorge) sees all-encompassing whitewater rafting in the spring and summer.
At Cañon City, Colorado, the Arkansas River valley widens and flattens markedly. Just w of Pueblo, Colorado, the river enters the Great Plains. Through the rest of Colorado, through Kansas, and through northern Oklahoma to Tulsa, it is a typical Great Plains riverway, with wide shallow banks subject area to seasonal flooding. Tributaries include the Canadian River and the Cimarron River, both flowing from northeastern New Mexico, and the Table salt Fork Arkansas River.
Beneath Tulsa, and continuing to its mouth, the river is navigable by barges and large river craft cheers to a series of dams that plow information technology into reservoirs. Higher up Tulsa, it is navigable only by small craft such as rafts, canoes, and kayaks.
Water catamenia in the Arkansas River (as measured in cardinal Kansas) has dropped from approximately 248 cubic anxiety per second (7 m³/s) boilerplate from 1944-1963 to 53 cubic feet per 2d (1.v m³/south) average from 1984-2003, largely because of the pumping of groundwater for irrigation in eastern Colorado and western Kansas.
Important cities forth the Arkansas include Pueblo, Colorado; Wichita, Kansas; Tulsa, Oklahoma; Fort Smith and Little Rock, Arkansas.
Riverway commerce
Inland waterway organization with McClellan-Kerr Navigational Channel shown in red.
The McClellan-Kerr Arkansas River Navigation Organisation is office of the inland waterway organization originating at the Tulsa Port of Catoosa and running southeast through Oklahoma and Arkansas to the Mississippi River.
Though it primarily follows the Arkansas River, it also follows portions of the Verdigris River in Oklahoma and the White River in Arkansas. It includes the Arkansas Post Canal, a brusk canal named for nearby Arkansas Post National Memorial, connecting the Arkansas and White Rivers.
Through Oklahoma and Arkansas, dams artificially deepen and widen this modest sized river to build it into a commercially navigable torso of h2o. Along the department of the Arkansas River that carries the McClellan-Kerr channel, the river sustains commercial barge traffic and offers passenger and recreational use, and is considered past some, a serial of reservoirs.
The Arkansas River is quite shallow through Arkansas and Oklahoma, and was naturally incapable of supporting river traffic though most of the year. To allow for navigation, construction was begun in 1971 on a system of channels and locks to connect the many reservoirs along the length of the Arkansas River. The beginning section, running to Footling Rock, Arkansas, opened in 1968. The start barge to reach the Port of Catoosa arrived in early 1971.
Each lock measures 110 feet (34 g) wide and 600 anxiety (180 k) long, the standard size for much of the Mississippi River waterway. Standard colossal barges, measuring 35 past 195 anxiety (59 m), are grouped 3 wide past 3 long, with a tug at center rear, to form a clomp packet which tin be fit into a lock. Larger barge packets must exist broken down and passed through the lock in sections, and rejoined on the opposite side.
The specifications for the channel itself are as follows:
- Depth of channel: 9 feet (ii.7 one thousand) or more
- Width of channel: mostly 250 ft (76 chiliad). - 300 ft (91 m). (75 m to 90 m)
- Span clearance: 300 ft. horizontal (xc one thousand) 52 ft. vertical (15.6 m)
Watershed trails
Arkansas River passing through Wichita, Kansas
Many nations of Native Americans lived near or along the Arkansas River in its 1,450 mile (2334 km) stretch, just the first Europeans to see the river were members of the Coronado trek on June 29, 1541 near the site of Dodge Urban center, Kansas. Also in the 1540s Hernando de Soto discovered the junction of the Arkansas with the Mississippi. The name "Arkansas" was first practical by Father Jacques Marquette, who called the river Akansa in his journal of 1673. In 1806 the American explorer Zebulon Throughway traveled through the river's upper reaches.
From 1819 the Adams-Onís Treaty set the Arkansas as function of the frontier between the Usa and Castilian Mexico, which information technology remained until the annexation of Texas and the Mexican-American War in 1846.
Afterwards, the Santa Fe Trail followed the Arkansas through much of Kansas except for the Cimarron Cutoff from Cimarron, Kansas, to Cimarron, New Mexico, via Cimarron Canton, Oklahoma along the Cimarron River.
Arkansas River Meaty
The states of Kansas and Colorado have a long history of disagreement concerning the Arkansas River (pronounced ar-KAN'-sas river in Kansas), arguing before the Supreme Court of the United States on 3 previous occasions, 1902, 1907, and 1943. After the 1943 action, u.s.a. developed the Arkansas River Compact, which was intended to apportion the Arkansas River betwixt the ii states. In 1985, Kansas alleged that Colorado had violated the Compact and sought legal recourse before the Supreme Court. The Courtroom appointed a Special Chief to investigate the allegations and submit recommendations to the Courtroom.
Kansas v. Colorado refers to a number of cases heard by the Supreme Court of the United States:
- Kansas v. Colorado, 185 U.S. 125 (1902)
- Kansas v. Colorado, 206 U.Due south. 46 (1907)
- Colorado v. Kansas, 320 U.South. 383 (1943)
- Kansas five. Colorado, 514 U.Due south. 673 (1995)
- Kansas v. Colorado, 533 U.South. 1 (2001)
- Kansas v. Colorado, 543 U.S. 86 (2004)
In 1994, the Special Principal issued his first report, which recommended that the Court find Colorado in violation of the Meaty in sure respects. Since then, the Master has issued 3 more reports and the states accept filed various objections, nigh of which the Court has dismissed. Kansas has filed six exceptions to the reports recommendations, and the United States has intervened to ask the Court to overrule two of them.
Gallery
| Lower Arkansas River | Drought can reduce the Arkansas River and then much that copse along the river cannot survive | John Martin Dam and Reservoir on the Arkansas River in Bent County, Colorado |
| Whitewater kayaking on the Arkansas River | The Arkansas River in Tulsa, Oklahoma | The Arkansas River in Natural Steps, Arkansas |
Notes
- ↑ J.C. Kammerer. Largest Rivers in the United states U.Due south. Geological Survey. Retrieved September 22, 2008.
References
ISBN links back up NWE through referral fees
- Arkansas River Coalition. Arkansas River Retrieved September 22, 2008.
- EarthTrends. Full Scale Map Retrieved September 22, 2008.
- Gordon, Alice, Jerry Camarillo Dunn, Mel White, Tim Thompson, and Roger G. Kennedy. 1990. Texas and the Arkansas River Valley. The Smithsonian guide to historic America. New York: Stewart, Tabori & Chang. ISBN 9781556701245
- Oklahoma. 2007. McClellan-Kerr Arkansas River Navigation System 2007 inland waterway fact sheet. Tulsa: ODOT Waterways Branch.
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- Arkansas_River history
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